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Chemoselective Synthesis of 2-Aryloxazines and 2-Aryltetrahydropyrimidines Using Nano-SiO₂ as a Reusable Solid Acid Catalyst under Thermal Conditions and Microwave Irradiation

I. Mohammadpoor-Baltork^a,*, M. Moghadam^a, S. Tangestaninejad^a, V. Mirkhani^a, Z. Eskandari^a and H. Salavati^b

^aDepartment of Chemistry, Catalysis Division, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
^bDepartment of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), 81395-671, Isfahan, Iran

Nano-SiO₂ solid acid efficiently and selectively catalyzed the cyclocondensation reaction of arylnitriles with 3-amino-1-proopanol or 1,3-diaminopropane to afford their respective 2-substituted oxazines and tetrahydropyrimidines in high yields under thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. This methodology works effectively for the selective synthesis of mono-1,3-oxazines and mono-tetrahydropyrimidnes from dinitriles. The catalyst could be recycled and reused several times without a noticeable decrease in its activity.

Keywords: Oxazines, Tetrahydropyrimidines, Microwave irradiation, Nano-SiO₂ catalyst, Solvent-free